path: root/opcodes/msp430-decode.opc

/* -*- c -*- */
/* Copyright (C) 2013-2023 Free Software Foundation, Inc.
   Contributed by Red Hat.
   Written by DJ Delorie.

   This file is part of the GNU opcodes library.

   This library is free software; you can redistribute it and/or modify
   it under the terms of the GNU General Public License as published by
   the Free Software Foundation; either version 3, or (at your option)
   any later version.

   It is distributed in the hope that it will be useful, but WITHOUT
   ANY WARRANTY; without even the implied warranty of MERCHANTABILITY
   or FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE.  See the GNU General Public
   License for more details.

   You should have received a copy of the GNU General Public License
   along with this program; if not, write to the Free Software
   Foundation, Inc., 51 Franklin Street - Fifth Floor, Boston,
   MA 02110-1301, USA.  */

#include "sysdep.h"
#include <stdio.h>
#include <stdlib.h>
#include <string.h>
#include "bfd.h"
#include "opintl.h"
#include "opcode/msp430-decode.h"

static int trace = 0;

typedef struct
{
  MSP430_Opcode_Decoded *msp430;
  int (*getbyte)(void *);
  void *ptr;
  unsigned char *op;
  int op_ptr;
  int pc;
} LocalData;

#define AU ATTRIBUTE_UNUSED
#define GETBYTE() getbyte_swapped (ld)
#define B ((unsigned long) GETBYTE ())

static int
getbyte_swapped (LocalData *ld)
{
  int b;

  if (ld->op_ptr == ld->msp430->n_bytes)
    {
      do
	{
	  b = ld->getbyte (ld->ptr);
	  ld->op [(ld->msp430->n_bytes++)^1] = b;
	}
      while (ld->msp430->n_bytes & 1);
    }
  return ld->op[ld->op_ptr++];
}

#define ID(x)		msp430->id = x

#define OP(n, t, r, a) (msp430->op[n].type = t,	     \
		        msp430->op[n].reg = r,	     \
		        msp430->op[n].addend = a)

#define OPX(n, t, r1, r2, a)	 \
  (msp430->op[n].type = t,	 \
   msp430->op[n].reg = r1,	 \
   msp430->op[n].reg2 = r2,	 \
   msp430->op[n].addend = a)

#define SYNTAX(x)	msp430->syntax = x
#define UNSUPPORTED()	msp430->syntax = "*unknown*"

#define DC(c)		OP (0, MSP430_Operand_Immediate, 0, c)
#define DR(r)		OP (0, MSP430_Operand_Register, r, 0)
#define DM(r, a)	OP (0, MSP430_Operand_Indirect, r, a)
#define DA(a)		OP (0, MSP430_Operand_Indirect, MSR_None, a)
#define AD(r, ad)	encode_ad (r, ad, ld, 0)
#define ADX(r, ad, x)	encode_ad (r, ad, ld, x)

#define SC(c)		OP (1, MSP430_Operand_Immediate, 0, c)
#define SR(r)		OP (1, MSP430_Operand_Register, r, 0)
#define SM(r, a)	OP (1, MSP430_Operand_Indirect, r, a)
#define SA(a)		OP (1, MSP430_Operand_Indirect, MSR_None, a)
#define SI(r)		OP (1, MSP430_Operand_Indirect_Postinc, r, 0)
#define AS(r, as)	encode_as (r, as, ld, 0)
#define ASX(r, as, x)	encode_as (r, as, ld, x)

#define BW(x)		msp430->size = (x ? 8 : 16)
/* The last 20 is for SWPBX.Z and SXTX.A.  */
#define ABW(a,x)	msp430->size = (a ? ((x ? 8 : 16)) : (x ? 20 : 20))

#define IMMU(bytes)	immediate (bytes, 0, ld)
#define IMMS(bytes)	immediate (bytes, 1, ld)

/* Helper macros for known status bits settings.  */
#define	F_____		msp430->flags_1 = msp430->flags_0 = 0; msp430->flags_set = 0
#define	F_VNZC		msp430->flags_1 = msp430->flags_0 = 0; msp430->flags_set = 0x87
#define	F_0NZC		msp430->flags_1 = 0; msp430->flags_0 = 0x80; msp430->flags_set = 0x07


/* The chip is little-endian, but GETBYTE byte-swaps words because the
   decoder is based on 16-bit "words" so *this* logic is big-endian.  */

static int
immediate (int bytes, int sign_extend, LocalData *ld)
{
  unsigned long i = 0;

  switch (bytes)
    {
    case 1:
      i |= B;
      if (sign_extend && (i & 0x80))
	i -= 0x100;
      break;
    case 2:
      i |= B << 8;
      i |= B;
      if (sign_extend && (i & 0x8000))
	i -= 0x10000;
      break;
    case 3:
      i |= B << 16;
      i |= B << 8;
      i |= B;
      if (sign_extend && (i & 0x800000))
	i -= 0x1000000;
      break;
    case 4:
      i |= B << 24;
      i |= B << 16;
      i |= B << 8;
      i |= B;
      if (sign_extend && (i & 0x80000000ULL))
	i -= 0x100000000ULL;
      break;
    default:
      opcodes_error_handler
	(_("internal error: immediate() called with invalid byte count %d"),
	   bytes);
      abort ();
    }
  return i;
}

/*
		PC	SP	SR	CG
  As
  00	Rn	-	-	R2	#0
  01	X(Rn)	Sym	-	X(abs)	#1
  10	(Rn)	-	-	#4	#2
  11	(Rn++)	#imm	-	#8	#-1

  Ad
  0	Rn	-	-	-	-
  1	X(Rn)	Sym	-	X(abs)	-   */

static void
encode_ad (int reg, int ad, LocalData *ld, int ext)
{
  MSP430_Opcode_Decoded *msp430 = ld->msp430;

  if (ad)
    {
      int x = IMMU(2) | (ext << 16);
      switch (reg)
	{
	case 0: /* (PC) -> Symbolic.  */
	  DA (x + ld->pc + ld->op_ptr - 2);
	  break;
	case 2: /* (SR) -> Absolute.  */
	  DA (x);
	  break;
	default:
	  DM (reg, x);
	  break;
	}
    }
  else
    {
      DR (reg);
    }
}

static void
encode_as (int reg, int as, LocalData *ld, int ext)
{
  MSP430_Opcode_Decoded *msp430 = ld->msp430;
  int x;

  switch (as)
    {
    case 0:
      switch (reg)
	{
	case 3:
	  SC (0);
	  break;
	default:
	  SR (reg);
	  break;
	}
      break;
    case 1:
      switch (reg)
	{
	case 0: /* PC -> Symbolic.  */
	  x = IMMU(2) | (ext << 16);
	  SA (x + ld->pc + ld->op_ptr - 2);
	  break;
	case 2: /* SR -> Absolute.  */
	  x = IMMU(2) | (ext << 16);
	  SA (x);
	  break;
	case 3:
	  SC (1);
	  break;
	default:
	  x = IMMU(2) | (ext << 16);
	  SM (reg, x);
	  break;
	}
      break;
    case 2:
      switch (reg)
	{
	case 2:
	  SC (4);
	  break;
	case 3:
	  SC (2);
	  break;
	case MSR_None:
	  SA (0);
	  break;
	default:
	  SM (reg, 0);
	  break;
	}
      break;
    case 3:
      switch (reg)
	{
	case 0:
	  {
	    /* This fetch *is* the *PC++ that the opcode encodes :-)  */
	    x = IMMU(2) | (ext << 16);
	    SC (x);
	  }
	  break;
	case 2:
	  SC (8);
	  break;
	case 3:
	  SC (-1);
	  break;
	default:
	  SI (reg);
	  break;
	}
      break;
    }
}

static void
encode_rep_zc (int srxt, int dsxt, LocalData *ld)
{
  MSP430_Opcode_Decoded *msp430 = ld->msp430;

  msp430->repeat_reg = srxt & 1;
  msp430->repeats = dsxt;
  msp430->zc = (srxt & 2) ? 1 : 0;
}

#define REPZC(s,d) encode_rep_zc (s, d, ld)

static int
dopc_to_id (int dopc)
{
  switch (dopc)
    {
    case 4: return MSO_mov;
    case 5: return MSO_add;
    case 6: return MSO_addc;
    case 7: return MSO_subc;
    case 8: return MSO_sub;
    case 9: return MSO_cmp;
    case 10: return MSO_dadd;
    case 11: return MSO_bit;
    case 12: return MSO_bic;
    case 13: return MSO_bis;
    case 14: return MSO_xor;
    case 15: return MSO_and;
    default: return MSO_unknown;
    }
}

static int
sopc_to_id (int sop, int c)
{
  switch (sop * 2 + c)
    {
    case 0: return MSO_rrc;
    case 1: return MSO_swpb;
    case 2: return MSO_rra;
    case 3: return MSO_sxt;
    case 4: return MSO_push;
    case 5: return MSO_call;
    case 6: return MSO_reti;
    default: return MSO_unknown;
    }
}

int
msp430_decode_opcode (unsigned long pc,
		      MSP430_Opcode_Decoded *msp430,
		      int (*getbyte)(void *),
		      void *ptr)
{
  LocalData lds, *ld = &lds;
  unsigned char op_buf[20] = {0};
  unsigned char *op = op_buf;
  int raddr;
  int al_bit;
  int srxt_bits, dsxt_bits;

  lds.msp430 = msp430;
  lds.getbyte = getbyte;
  lds.ptr = ptr;
  lds.op = op;
  lds.op_ptr = 0;
  lds.pc = pc;

  memset (msp430, 0, sizeof (*msp430));

  /* These are overridden by an extension word.  */
  al_bit = 1;
  srxt_bits = 0;
  dsxt_bits = 0;

 post_extension_word:
  ;

  /* 430X extention word.  */
/** 0001 1srx t l 00 dsxt 	430x */

  al_bit = l;
  srxt_bits = srx * 2 + t;
  dsxt_bits = dsxt;
  op = op_buf + lds.op_ptr;
  msp430->ofs_430x = 1;
  goto post_extension_word;

/* double-op insns:
   opcode:4 sreg:4 Ad:1 BW:1 As:2 Dreg:4

   single-op insn:
   opcode:9 BW:1 Ad:2 DSreg:4

   jumps:
   opcode:3 Cond:3  pcrel:10. */

/* Double-Operand "opcode" fields.  */
/** VARY dopc 0100 0101 0110 0111 1000 1001 1010 1011 1100 1101 1110 1111 */

/** dopc sreg a b as dreg	%D%b	%1,%0				*/

  ID (dopc_to_id (dopc)); ASX (sreg, as, srxt_bits); ADX (dreg, a, dsxt_bits); ABW (al_bit, b);
  if (a == 0 && as == 0)
    REPZC (srxt_bits, dsxt_bits);

  switch (msp430->id)
    {
    case MSO_mov:	F_____; break;
    case MSO_add:	F_VNZC; break;
    case MSO_addc:	F_VNZC; break;
    case MSO_subc:	F_VNZC; break;
    case MSO_sub:	F_VNZC; break;
    case MSO_cmp:	F_VNZC; break;
    case MSO_dadd:	F_VNZC; break;
    case MSO_bit:	F_0NZC; break;
    case MSO_bic:	F_____; break;
    case MSO_bis:	F_____; break;
    case MSO_xor:	F_VNZC; break;
    case MSO_and:	F_0NZC; break;
    default: break;
    }

/** 0001 00so c b ad dreg	%S%b	%1				*/

  ID (sopc_to_id (so,c)); ASX (dreg, ad, srxt_bits); ABW (al_bit, b);

  if (ad == 0)
    REPZC (srxt_bits, dsxt_bits);

  /* The helper functions encode for source, but it's
     both source and dest, with a few documented exceptions.  */
  msp430->op[0] = msp430->op[1];

  /* RETI ignores the operand.  */
  if (msp430->id == MSO_reti)
    msp430->syntax = "%S";

  switch (msp430->id)
    {
    case MSO_rrc:	F_VNZC; break;
    case MSO_swpb:	F_____; break;
    case MSO_rra:	F_0NZC; break;
    case MSO_sxt:	F_0NZC; break;
    case MSO_push:	F_____; break;
    case MSO_call:	F_____; break;
    case MSO_reti:	F_VNZC; break;
    default: break;
    }

  /* 20xx 0010 0000 ---- ----
     3cxx 0011 1100 ---- ----
          001j mp-- ---- ----.  */
/** 001jmp aa addrlsbs		%J	%1				*/

  raddr = (aa << 9) | (addrlsbs << 1);
  if (raddr & 0x400)
    raddr = raddr - 0x800;
  /* This is a pc-relative jump, but we don't use SM because that
     would load the target address from the memory at X(PC), not use
     PC+X *as* the address.  So we use SC to use the address, not the
     data at that address.  */
  ID (MSO_jmp); SC (pc + raddr + msp430->n_bytes);
  msp430->cond = jmp;

  /* Extended instructions.  */

/** 0000 srcr 0000 dstr		MOVA @%1, %0 */
  ID (MSO_mov); SM (srcr, 0); DR (dstr);
  msp430->size = 20;
  msp430->ofs_430x = 1;

/** 0000 srcr 0001 dstr		MOVA @%1+, %0 */
  ID (MSO_mov); SI (srcr); DR (dstr);
  msp430->size = 20;
  msp430->ofs_430x = 1;

/** 0000 srcr 0010 dstr		MOVA &%1, %0 */
  ID (MSO_mov); SA ((srcr << 16) + IMMU(2)); DR (dstr);
  msp430->size = 20;
  msp430->ofs_430x = 1;

/** 0000 srcr 0011 dstr		MOVA %1, %0 */
  ID (MSO_mov); SM (srcr, IMMS(2)); DR (dstr);
  msp430->size = 20;
  msp430->ofs_430x = 1;

/** 0000 srcr 0110 dstr		MOVA %1, &%0 */
  ID (MSO_mov); SR (srcr); DA ((dstr << 16) + IMMU(2));
  msp430->size = 20;
  msp430->ofs_430x = 1;

/** 0000 srcr 0111 dstr		MOVA %1, &%0 */
  ID (MSO_mov); SR (srcr); DM (dstr, IMMS(2));
  msp430->size = 20;
  msp430->ofs_430x = 1;

/** 0000 srcr 1000 dstr		MOVA %1, %0 */
  ID (MSO_mov); SC ((srcr << 16) + IMMU(2)); DR (dstr);
  msp430->size = 20;
  msp430->ofs_430x = 1;

/** 0000 srcr 1001 dstr		CMPA %1, %0 */
  ID (MSO_cmp); SC ((srcr << 16) + IMMU(2)); DR (dstr);
  msp430->size = 20;
  msp430->ofs_430x = 1;
  F_VNZC;

/** 0000 srcr 1010 dstr		ADDA %1, %0 */
  ID (MSO_add); SC ((srcr << 16) + IMMU(2)); DR (dstr);
  msp430->size = 20;
  msp430->ofs_430x = 1;
  F_VNZC;

/** 0000 srcr 1011 dstr		SUBA %1, %0 */
  ID (MSO_sub); SC ((srcr << 16) + IMMU(2)); DR (dstr);
  msp430->size = 20;
  msp430->ofs_430x = 1;
  F_VNZC;

/** 0000 srcr 1011 dstr		SUBA %1, %0 */
  ID (MSO_sub); SC ((srcr << 16) + IMMU(2)); DR (dstr);
  msp430->size = 20;
  msp430->ofs_430x = 1;
  F_VNZC;

/** 0000 srcr 1100 dstr		MOVA %1, %0 */
  ID (MSO_mov); SR (srcr); DR (dstr);
  msp430->size = 20;
  msp430->ofs_430x = 1;

/** 0000 srcr 1101 dstr		CMPA %1, %0 */
  ID (MSO_cmp); SR (srcr); DR (dstr);
  msp430->size = 20;
  msp430->ofs_430x = 1;
  F_VNZC;

/** 0000 srcr 1110 dstr		ADDA %1, %0 */
  ID (MSO_add); SR (srcr); DR (dstr);
  msp430->size = 20;
  msp430->ofs_430x = 1;
  F_VNZC;

/** 0000 srcr 1111 dstr		SUBA %1, %0 */
  ID (MSO_sub); SR (srcr); DR (dstr);
  msp430->size = 20;
  msp430->ofs_430x = 1;
  F_VNZC;

/** 0000 bt00 010w dstr		RRCM.A %c, %0 */
  ID (MSO_rrc); DR (dstr); SR (dstr);
  msp430->repeats = bt;
  msp430->size = w ? 16 : 20;
  msp430->ofs_430x = 1;
  F_0NZC;

/** 0000 bt01 010w dstr		RRAM.A %c, %0 */
  ID (MSO_rra); DR (dstr); SR (dstr);
  msp430->repeats = bt;
  msp430->size = w ? 16 : 20;
  msp430->ofs_430x = 1;
  F_0NZC;

/** 0000 bt10 010w dstr		RLAM.A %c, %0 */
  ID (MSO_add); DR (dstr); SR (dstr);
  msp430->repeats = bt;
  msp430->size = w ? 16 : 20;
  msp430->ofs_430x = 1;
  F_0NZC;

/** 0000 bt11 010w dstr		RRUM.A %c, %0 */
  ID (MSO_rru); DR (dstr); SR (dstr);
  msp430->repeats = bt;
  msp430->size = w ? 16 : 20;
  msp430->ofs_430x = 1;
  F_0NZC;

/** 0001 0011 0000 0000		RETI */
  ID (MSO_reti);
  msp430->size = 20;
  msp430->ofs_430x = 1;

/** 0001 0011 01as dstr		CALLA %0 */
  ID (MSO_call); AS (dstr, as);
  msp430->size = 20;
  msp430->ofs_430x = 1;

/** 0001 0011 1000 extb		CALLA %0 */
  ID (MSO_call); SA (IMMU(2) | (extb << 16));
  msp430->size = 20;
  msp430->ofs_430x = 1;

/** 0001 0011 1001 extb		CALLA %0 */
  raddr = IMMU(2) | (extb << 16);
  if (raddr & 0x80000)
    raddr -= 0x100000;
  ID (MSO_call); SA (pc + raddr + msp430->n_bytes);
  msp430->size = 20;
  msp430->ofs_430x = 1;

/** 0001 0011 1011 extb		CALLA %0 */
  ID (MSO_call); SC (IMMU(2) | (extb << 16));
  msp430->size = 20;
  msp430->ofs_430x = 1;

/** 0001 010w bits srcr		PUSHM.A %0 */
  ID (MSO_push); SR (srcr);
  msp430->size = w ? 16 : 20;
  msp430->repeats = bits;
  msp430->ofs_430x = 1;

/** 0001 011w bits dstr		POPM.A %0 */
  ID (MSO_pop); DR (dstr);
  msp430->size = w ? 16 : 20;
  msp430->repeats = bits;
  msp430->ofs_430x = 1;

/** */

  return msp430->n_bytes;
}